So hello there um I'm gonna work on a lesson with you i'm going to learn we're going to learn some English together we're going to learn some vocabulary we're going to learn structures i'm going to go over things I would go over in a normal English lesson um I'm actually preparing this lesson for my own students and I want to share with you the process allow you to to learn in that process and hopefully learn something new and interesting and see what I do okay so let's let's go ahead and let's work on this.

So here you can see now um the lesson the lesson that I'm basing it on so here we have first some sources right the guardian US doctors rewrite DNA on infant of infant with severe genetic disorder in medical first um Cleo Abrams Abrams Cleo Abram who um uh has published videos on this topic she has made a really good a really good one-hour long crisper uh mini docu documentary in which she also interviews a Nobel Prize winner the Nobel Prize winner who uh discovered uh or I don't know if it would be discovered or invented crisper um and um well I want to go over some some questions with you um um these are would be some of the questions that I would ask new students um we normally start with a preliminary discussion.

Okay now what do you know about genetic disorders like have you ever have you ever met anyone who has some kind of disorder or who is affected so genetic disorder disorder i'm gonna wait a minute i'm going to see how we can I'm going to open my vocabulary stuff disorder now we're going to be doing a lot of this okay so genetic disorder a newborn is a baby no like a baby that has just been born newborns have you heard of crisper um crisper is the the name of the technique um to um edit genes um this um this technology has been around for over 10 years I think um but it's it's it hasn't been until now it hasn't been until now that we are really able to to use it and apply it um to to real uh people.

So we're going to discover a lot of things in this in this regard and of course we're going to discover this together because in some cases I may have or may not have read about what we're going to do before we do it we're going to we're going to go over this vocabulary that is potentially going to be difficult for students and learn something in the progress in in the process so um so here are just some of the questions I know you cannot answer but there's something for you to think about.

What do you know about genetic disorders in newborns uh have you heard of crisper um what do you understand about it what ethical considerations might arise when editing a baby's DNA many of you have a very strong opinion on this topic and um well um you can leave your opinions in the comment section now all of these questions you can answer in the comments section you can write in English and you can do it with me and I think that's fantastic i will read every single comment okay i will read everything.

Why do you think this medical achievement is considered a first but this is a first this is a first in medical first crisper it's inherently a medical issue or technology what do you think are the potential risks and benefits of personalized gene therapy.

[Music] So we are we are going to be potentially or apparently we are going to be able to edit our genes um in a very specific way so right now we're going to we're going to try to cure some types of cancer some types of genetic disorders but then we'll be able to do potentially we will potentially be able to do a lot of other things um your imagination is the limit so you can just think of anything really I guess that can change your body and I guess that potentially that can be done i don't know we will find out.

How might this breakthrough impact the future of medical treatments break through to break through uh through something okay there has been a breakthrough in medicine okay okay so let's let's read this article that it's from the Guardian now I have copied it into my notion page and I have been identifying some words that are going to be useful i've already been reading this with some students and they've been giving me some of their opinions on on this matter.

US doctors rewrite DNA of infant nino with a severe genetic disorder in medical first gene editing breakthrough has potential to treat array of devastating genetic diseases soon after birth scientists say um selection This article has been written by Ian Sample the science editor at the Guardian you can check um the original piece of news in the uh in in the link i will the link is in the description below so you can just check out the original link there i honestly don't know how if I'm allowed to make videos on this uh topic but um I mean this is for for learning purposes i suppose it cannot be monetized i don't know how this works yet so we're going to begin reading it and we're going to go over some of the vocabulary that we need and so on.

Doctors in the US have become the first to treat a baby with a customized gene editing therapy after diagnosing diagnosing the child with a severe genetic disorder that kills about halfima about half of those affected in early infancy okay um so customized personal gene editing therapy and so on international researchers have hailed the feat as so here we have like two structures okay we have hailed [Music] as and then the feet the feet fit means achievement milestone is [Music] [Music] milestone okay so [Music].

Um international researchers have hailed the feat as a medical milestone saying it demonstrates the potential for treating an array of devastating genetic diseases by rewriting faulty DNA soon after affected children are born so we have an array which is like a selection okay by rewriting faulty DNA rewriting faulty DNA an array of devastating genetic diseases specialists at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and the University of Pennsylvania started work as soon as the boy was diagnosed and completed the complex design manufacture and safety testing of the personalized therapy within 6 months.

Um okay they started work as soon as the boy was diagnosed as soon asto as soon as soon after are born to be born okay as soon as as soon as as good as as late as um the boy was diagnosed and completed the complex design manufacturer fabric and safety testing within six months within.

The baby known as KJ had the first dose of the bespoke treatment okay the bespoke treatment so bespoke bespoke bespoke um let's see if I can I don't know if you'll hear what I Ah okay bespoke bespoke bespoke bis bespoke bispoke pronunciation of bespoke i would say bespoke yeah bespoke bespoke bespoke okay so that makes sense the word is bespoke.

Um I'm a bit confused about the background music because I forgot to put it on but I'll put on now some some royaltyree yeah royaltyree music you should be able to hear it's the background music that we have here um just to give us it's I think it's nicer um all right so bespoke bespoke okay yeah I need to pause the music for you to hear that bespoke bespoke.

Okay so um let's move on the bespoke treatment via an infusion in February and two more doses in March and April doctors said he was thriving but would need careful monitoring for life okay so doses bespoke.

Okay doctor said he was thriving to thrive i have a thriving business in my village okay um but would need careful monitoring for life which I imagine that um you know this is a very very new treatment we don't know very well the effects it's going to have we I suppose that maybe editing one um editing your genes we we're maybe not a fully aware of the impact this can have throughout our life it's very early days it's very early days to know how this is going to go but hopefully hopefully it will go well and this child will grow to be a thriving adult and um enjoy a fulfilling life.

Um maybe what I'm going to do here is I'm also going to make some video notes so it's going to be like uh YouTube video notes so that way I can um that way I can write things down as well for you so that you can um hear you can read them later.

Um I have a thriving business in my village dr rebecca Aaron's Nicholas a senior physician on the team said the breakthrough was made possible by years and years of progress in gene editing while KJ is just one patient we hope he is the first of many to benefit kj was born with severe CPS1 deficiency a condition that affects only 1.3 million only one in three one only one in 1.3 million people those affected lack a liver enzyme that converts ammonia.

Okay those affected lack a liver enzyme liver enzyme that converts ammonia ammonia in Spanish ammonia ammon are distinct chemical species both involving nitrogen and hydrogen in English ammonium [Music] It's important for [Music] It's important [Music] information it's fundamental forchech.